Retiro Neighborhood

Central neighborhood, next to San Nicolás, is of the most traditional in the city. His name, although with another origin, it seems to insinuate their main function that is the one of being terminal rail and of public transportation of the city. His nucleus is the compound for the three stations of the three railroad lines that one beside the other one, they contrast in a scale of architectural importance, from the imposing station of the Railroad Mitre, comparable to the station of Constitution, the very built but smaller of the Railroad Belgrano and the the modest building, mainly of foils, of the San Martin. Next to this, going to the facilities of the port, it´s the terminal of Bus of the City. All these terminals are in front of squares that form a line that ascends toward the center. The most extreme is the Plaza Canada, with an Indian totem donated by this country similar to one near to Vancouver, it follow the Plaza S. M. del Carril and the Plaza Fuerza Aérea that possesses the famous Monumental Tower, donated by the English and well-known collective as Tower of the Englishmen. Crossing the Libertador avenue, it´s the Plaza San Martín that grows in height in the one that before was the old ravine to the river, designed by the french park designer Carlos Thays. In this square that has an interesting arboreal variety, it is in the monument to San Martín and, allegorically, in the end that is in front of the Tower of the Englishmen, the monument to the deads in the War of Malvinas. Continuing with the same line is continued by the Florida walk street that the same as the avenue Santa Fe, finishes in this square. They also stand out in this neighborhood, the building of the Chancellery, the Sheraton Hotel, the modern complex of Towers " Catalinas ", the Square Pellegrini, the Military Circle, the embassies of Brazil and France, and the Gallery Pacific, on Florida, with paintings of Castagnino in the interior, and the Church of the Santísimo Sacramento. Contrasting with all this, behind the terminal of Bus and of the railroads there is a precarious establishment well-known as Villa 31.

History

Near the nucleus fundacional of the city, this neighborhood was developed from very early. It owes their name to the called mansion "El Retiro" that sent to build the governor Robles in 1691 and that then it passed to a company English trafficker of slaves. In the Plaza San Martin a posse military called Field of Mars worked in the XIX century where San Martin prepared his army. There was also in the neighborhood a square of bulls and the old Japanese Garden.